Tag: space

Planetary Defenders Track Fast-Moving “Interstellar Object” Through Solar System

On Wednesday, the European Space Agency revealed that its Planetary Defenders are tracking a fast-moving “interstellar object” zipping through the solar system. While some might hope it’s an alien spacecraft—finally giving Paul Krugman a win—chances are it’s just another space rock. 

“Astronomers may have just discovered the third interstellar object passing through the Solar System!” ESA said, adding, “ESA’s Planetary Defenders are observing the object, provisionally known as A11pl3Z, right now using telescopes around the world.” 

It’s still unclear whether A11pl3Z is a rocky asteroid, an icy comet, or something else entirely. Its size and shape also remain unknown. NASA has confirmed it is actively tracking the object, while astronomers say more observations are needed to determine its origin. 

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“Shame & Name” Climate Activist Satellite Backed By Bezos Lost

A high-resolution Earth-observation satellite designed to monitor and map global methane emissions has been lost after a power failure.

The $88 million satellite, called MethaneSAT, owned by the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) and backed by Jeff Bezos, was lost ten days ago… 

On Friday, June 20, the MethaneSAT mission operations lost contact with MethaneSAT. After pursuing all options to restore communications, we learned this morning that the satellite has lost power, and that it is likely not recoverable. While this is difficult news, it is not the end of the overall MethaneSAT effort, or of our work to slash methane emissions.

MethaneSAT was launched in March 2024 and delivered data on methane emissions, focusing on the “name and shame” operations of global oil and gas assets worldwide. It was built on Blue Canyon Technologies’ X-Sat platform and carried a custom infrared spectrometer from Ball Aerospace, capable of detecting methane sources both large and small.  

Reuters reported that MethaneSAT’s last known position was over Svalbard, Norway, and the EDF has acknowledged it is unlikely to be recovered.

“We’re seeing this as a setback, not a failure,” Amy Middleton, senior vice president at EDF, told Reuters, adding, “We’ve made so much progress and so much has been learned that if we hadn’t taken this risk, we wouldn’t have any of these learnings.”

MethaneSAT stated, “To solve the climate challenge requires bold action and risk-taking and this satellite was at the leading edge of science, technology and advocacy.” 

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X-Ray Telescopes Reveal 23-Million-Light-Year Filament That May Help Solve “Missing Matter” Mystery

A potential solution to the decades-long “missing matter” problem has been uncovered as astronomers’ recent analysis of X-ray data identifies a filament of hot gas, 10 times the size of the Milky Way, filling the space between four galaxy clusters.

While the discovery does not completely answer the question of where all of the currently unaccounted for matter resides, the filament does appear to represent a significant chunk of it. Astronomers sourced the data used in the new research from the European Space Agency’s XMM-Newton and JAXA’s Suzaku X-ray space telescopes.

Missing Matter

Current models of the universe have a major shortcoming: they can’t fully account for all the matter that should exist. While dark matter and dark energy—detectable only by their effects—compose most of the cosmos, visible matter accounts for just about 5%. Yet even among that 5%, nearly half of the expected matter remains missing.

One possible explanation is the existence of long, tenuous strings of gas called “filaments.” However, detecting these structures is notoriously difficult, as they are extremely faint and often obscured by brighter cosmic phenomena like galaxies and black holes. The breakthrough in the new research lies in the team’s successful identification and characterization of a hot gas filament connecting four galaxy clusters.

“For the first time, our results closely match what we see in our leading model of the cosmos – something that’s not happened before,” says lead researcher Konstantinos Migkas of Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands. “It seems that the simulations were right all along.”

Identifying the Missing Matter

The four galaxy clusters and the filament linking them are part of the Shapley Supercluster, one of the largest known structures in the universe, containing around 8,000 galaxies. Two clusters sit on each side of the filament, which stretches 23 million light-years diagonally away from Earth.

XMM-Newton and Suzaku’s X-ray data were crucial to mapping the filament’s properties, supported by optical data from multiple sources. Each telescope contributed a unique perspective: Suzaku scanned a broad area of space, while XMM-Newton focused on identifying supermassive black holes within the filament and removing their interference from the data.

“Thanks to XMM-Newton we could identify and remove these cosmic contaminants, so we knew we were looking at the gas in the filament and nothing else,” adds co-author Florian Pacaud of the University of Bonn, Germany. “Our approach was really successful, and reveals that the filament is exactly as we’d expect from our best large-scale simulations of the Universe.”

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Musk Begins Decommissioning SpaceX Dragon Amid Fallout With Trump

Elon Musk announced on June 5 that SpaceX would begin decommissioning its Dragon spacecraft after President Donald Trump appeared to call for the termination of all of the government’s subsidies and contracts with him.

“In light of the President’s statement about cancellation of my government contracts, @SpaceX will begin decommissioning its Dragon spacecraft immediately,” Musk wrote on X.

SpaceX Dragon crew and cargo capsules have been the backbone of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) spacefaring efforts for several years, operating the first cargo mission to the International Space Station in 2012, and launching its first crewed mission in 2020.

The company has taken up residence at Kennedy Space Center’s historic Launch Complex 39A, which is adding a launch tower for the behemoth Starship, and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station’s Launch Complex 40 in Florida.

SpaceX has also been contracted to provide one of the lunar landers for NASA’s Artemis program to return human beings to the moon, and it was set to develop the spacecraft that would strategically deorbit the International Space Station by 2030.

SpaceX’s Crew Dragon capsule, at this time, remains America’s only means of human spaceflight.

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Astronomers baffled by mystery object flashing signals at Earth every 44 minutes: ‘Like nothing we’ve ever seen’

The truth is out there.

Astronomers say they’re stunned by an unidentified object flashing strange signals from deep space.

The object, named ASKAP J1832-0911, was detected by the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) and NASA’S Chandra X-ray observatory — the world’s most powerful X-ray telescope.

“It is unlike anything we have seen before,” Andy Wang, an astronomer at Curtin University in Perth, Australia, declared in a statement published this week.

ASKAP J1832-0911 emits pulses of radio waves and X-rays for two minutes every 44 minutes, according to the experts, who documented their findings in Nature journal.

ASKAP J1832-0911 has been classified as a “long-period transient” or “LPT” — a cosmic body that emits radio pulses separated by a few minutes or a few hours.

Wang and his team theorize that the object could be a dead star, but they don’t know why it “switches on” and “switches off” at “long, regular and unusual intervals,” Space.com reports.

“ASKAP J1831-0911 could be a magnetar (the core of a dead star with powerful magnetic fields), or it could be a pair of stars in a binary system where one of the two is a highly magnetised white dwarf (a low-mass star at the end of its evolution),” Wang wrote.

“However, even those theories do not fully explain what we are observing,” he added. “This discovery could indicate a new type of physics or new models of stellar evolution.”

Wang and his team hope to detect similar another using radio waves and the Chandra X-ray observatory, saying a subsequent discovery will help them learn more about the nature of such LPTs

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“We’ve Got a New Mystery on Our Hands”: Scientists Stumped by Unexplained Motion in Titan’s Atmosphere

Scientists have detected mysterious, gyroscopic motion within the atmosphere of Saturn’s moon Titan that appears to be completely independent from its surface rotation.

Scientists from the University of Bristol made the discovery while analyzing sensor data from the NASA-ESA Cassini-Huygens mission’s flyby of the Saturnian moon. The researchers say they cannot explain the mysterious motion, which seems connected to the moon’s seasons, each lasting several Earth years.

Titan has long fascinated scientists due to its similarities to Earth. Such features include its rocky surface, lakes and rivers of methane and ethane with ocean-like waves, and a thick, carbon-rich atmosphere (a rarity within the solar system).

The team behind the latest discovery says their findings join a growing body of research suggesting Titan is not just Earth-like in appearance, “but an alien world with climate systems all its own.”

Mysterious Gyroscopic Motion of the Atmosphere and Other Titan Mysteries

Launched as a joint venture between NASA and the ESA in 1997, the long-range Cassini-Huygens probe spent the final 13 years studying Saturn and its moons in the infrared spectrum. Although the spacecraft made its final transmission in 2017 before intentionally crashing into Saturn, scientists are still making regular discoveries by combing through the mission’s treasure trove of scientific data. Previously, scientists relied on the mission’s data to debate Titan’s past and present habitability and whether the moon could support life.

For the current study, the University of Bristol team focused on data measuring the symmetry of Titan’s atmospheric temperature field. A comparison between atmospheric and surface data showed that the atmosphere isn’t centered on the moon’s pole as was expected. Instead, the data revealed an atmospheric shift over time that appeared to be aligned with Titan’s seasonal cycle. The correlation was particularly pronounced since a year on Titan lasts nearly 30 Earth years.

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Canada in talks with the US about joining its ‘Golden Dome’ missile defense system, Carney says

Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney said Wednesday his government is talking to the U.S. about joining President Donald Trump’s future Golden Dome missile defense program.

The multilayered, $175 billion system would for the first time put U.S. weapons in space. Trump said the previous day he expected the system to be fully operational by the end of his term in 2029.

“Is it a good idea for Canada? Yes, it is a good to have protections in place for Canadians,” Carney said.

Carney confirmed he’s had talks with Trump about it and said there are discussions with senior officials. Trump said the Canadian government had contacted his administration indicating it wants to join the program and that he will work with Ottawa to ensure it contributes its “fair share.”

Golden Dome is envisioned to include ground- and space-based capabilities to detect and stop missiles at all four major stages of a potential attack: detecting and destroying them before a launch, intercepting them in their earliest stage of flight, stopping them midcourse in the air, or halting them in the final minutes as they descend toward a target.

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Five Eyes now getting sensitive space intel – The Times

The US has begun sharing its “most sensitive” military intelligence on China’s and Russia’s space operations with the UK and other members of The Five Eyes (FVEY) global intelligence group, The Times has reported, citing a senior commander within the US Space Force.

Until this month, the work of Space Delta 9, a unit focused on America’s orbital warfare, was largely meant only for US officials with top-secret security clearance.

However, in a move that a Space Delta 9 spokesman described to The Times as “momentous,” British military chiefs have been allowed to observe operations at the unit’s base in Colorado.

The other Five Eyes members, Australia, New Zealand and Canada, have also been allowed access to the highest levels of US space intelligence, the British daily reported on Wednesday.

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Catastrophe Looms Above: Space Junk Problem Grew ‘Significantly Worse’ In 2024

As if you didn’t have enough to worry about, the risk of space junk causing a catastrophic chain reaction that profoundly affects life on Earth rose significantly in 2024, according to the latest annual analysis from the European Space Energy (ESA).

The numbers are mind-boggling. ESA estimates there are now more than 1.2 million orbiting objects larger than 1cm and more than 50,000 larger than 10cm. Of the enormous number of orbiting missiles, only 40,000 are individually tracked by surveillance networks. The number in that category rose by 8% last year. Part of that increase is attributable to the August explosion of China’s Long March 6A rocket, one of the worst junk-generating incidents in decades. “If we extrapolate current trends into the future, as before, catastrophic collision numbers could rise significantly,” the ESA report said.

Don’t judge space junk’s potential for destruction using your Earthly instincts: Traveling at tens of thousands of miles per hour in space, even a small object has the potential to inflict major damage. In one incident that demonstrates that fact of physics, a 2mm piece of space once junk put a 5cm-wide dent in a climate satellite. A modest move up the scale brings much more power: “A one-centimeter piece of debris has the energy of a hand grenade,” ESA’s Tiago Soares told DW.  

In an ominous 2009 incident, a Russian Cosmos satellite collided with an Iridium satellite, creating a cloud of about 2,000 pieces of junk measuring 10cm or more. That’s brings us to the nightmare scenario that should fill you with dread: The Kessler Effect. Imagine an initial major impact that creates hundreds of shards, which then start colliding with more orbiting objects, setting off a chain reaction. Actually, you don’t need your imagination.

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Secretive Russian military satellites release mystery object into orbit

A trio of secretive Russian satellites launched earlier this year has released a mysterious object into orbit, sparking interest among space trackers and analysts.

The three satellites, designated Kosmos 2581, 2582 and 2583, launched on a Soyuz-2.1V rocket from Plesetsk cosmodrome early on Feb. 2 (GMT). Since then, the satellites, whose purpose is unknown, have displayed interesting behavior, while in a near-polar orbit roughly 364 miles (585 kilometers) above Earth.

In March, the satellites appeared to be conducting potential proximity operations, or maneuvering close to other objects in space, according to Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist and spaceflight activity tracker.

Following this, the U.S. Space Force cataloged a new object in orbit, which was possibly released by Kosmos 2581 on March 18.

Russia has provided no details about the satellites and their mission. Many Kosmos missions are classified.

The released object could be used for a number of objectives, including military experiments, such as satellite inspection or target practice, testing technology for docking or formation flying. It may also be a scientific payload or even the result of an unintentional fragmentation, though this would usually result in numerous pieces of debris.

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