Amid the digital revolution, the world is witnessing the dawn of an era that promises lightning-fast internet speeds, seamless connectivity and the integration of technology into every aspect of everyday life. The rollout of 5G technology has been hailed as the harbinger of this new age, with its capability to transmit data up to 1,000 times faster than its predecessors.
However, lurking beneath the surface of this technological marvel is a threat that could very well jeopardize the future – an insatiable appetite for energy that could consume up to 1,000 times more power than today’s networks.
According to a 2018 article in IEEE Spectrum, “A lurking threat behind the promise of 5G delivering up to 1,000 times as much data as today’s networks is that 5G could also consume up to 1,000 times as much energy.”
This stark reality is brought to the forefront by the sheer scale of the infrastructure and hardware required to support 5G, including the proliferation of small cells, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, cloud computing and an explosion of internet-connected devices.
One 5G base station is estimated to consume as much power as 73 households, and the energy demand is set to skyrocket. A 2019 report by the Small Cell Forum predicts that by 2025, the number of installed small cells will be 70.2 million, with 13.1 million of those being 5G or multimode small cells.
Radoslav Danilak, a prominent figure in the tech industry, has warned that data center energy consumption will double every four years. “Consumption will double every four years,” he asserted, highlighting the exponential growth in energy requirements. This exponential growth in energy consumption is not just limited to data centers but extends to every component of the 5G network, from base stations to small cells and core networks.