The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine in 2006 progressing to Gardasil 9, a 9-valent vaccine, for use in children as young as 9 years old in December 2014. The CDC recommends the HPV vaccine as part of the routine vaccination schedule for children ages 11–12, but it can be given as early as age 9. The vaccine is also recommended for adults up to age 26, and in 2018 the FDA expanded the age range to include adults up to age 45.
Adcock et al obtained data from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2020, from the New Mexico HPV Pap Registry (NMHPVPR), the only comprehensive US statewide monitoring system for cervical cancer prevention. Over fourteen years through which the HPV vaccination should have had a population effect, the results are disappointing for the higher grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 and 3, which are findings from a cervical biopsy that indicates abnormal cells on the cervix’s surface. It’s also known as high-grade or moderate dysplasia (CIN-2) and carcinoma in situ (CIN-3). CIN 2/3 is usually caused by infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).
Hellbound and Down 